The soybean cyst nematode severely reduces soybean production around the world. Researchers at the University of Missouri are studying how a natural mutation could help plants resist this microscopic pest that drains nutrients from roots and causes stunted, yellowing crops.
A recent study shows how a mutation in the SHMT8 enzyme changes its structure from four protein units to two. This alteration affects folate metabolism in roots. Scientists believe lower folate levels may limit nutrients available to the nematode, reducing its growth and reproduction.
Using advanced electron microscopes, the team examined the enzyme in detail. Although other versions of the enzyme exist in the plant, the root-specific change does not appear to harm overall plant health or yield. The goal is to develop varieties that weaken the pest without reducing soybean productivity. The work remains in early stages.
