India kept sending weapons, ammunition and military parts to Israeli defence firms even after multiple alerts that such items might enable breaches of international law in Gaza, according to a detailed new probe by Amnesty International.
The 42-page study titled Made in India: The Supply of Weapons and Ammunition to Israel reviews 2,596 deliveries from India to Israel from 7 October 2023 to 30 November 2025.
Investigators conservatively counted at least 390,516 pieces for military small arms, 564,970 explosive ordnance elements such as drone warheads and artillery casings, plus 298 military vehicle parts sent to major Israeli firms tied to the armed forces.
Deliveries covered parts for Negev machine guns used by Israeli troops, 155mm high-explosive artillery shells, SkyStriker loitering munition warheads and 81mm mortar launchers.
The transfers placed India at risk of involvement in genocide, war crimes and crimes against humanity. Firms and executives could face civil or criminal responsibility if they knew their goods were likely to support international crimes, the group cautioned.
Amnesty International Secretary General Agnès Callamard stated that the findings show India’s ongoing assistance to the Israeli military and defence industry despite events in Gaza. She urged the Indian government to halt weapons export approvals to Israel and ensure companies under its jurisdiction avoid contributing to breaches of international law.
Nine Indian firms were named, including three state-owned entities: Munitions India Limited, India Optel Limited and Advanced Weapons and Equipment India Limited. Exports by these firms were viewed as state actions, engaging India’s international legal duties.
The six private firms listed were PLR Systems Private Limited, Indo-MIM Private Limited, Kalyani Strategic Systems Limited, Alpha Elsec Defence and Aerospace Systems Private Limited, Ashoka Manufacturing Private Limited and Premier Explosives Limited.
Key findings included PLR Systems shipping thousands of Negev machine gun components, Indo-MIM sending automatic sears to Israel Weapon Industries, Kalyani Strategic Systems providing artillery round bodies to Israel Military Industries, and Munitions India delivering completed 155mm shells to Elbit Systems.
Further shipments involved Alpha Elsec sending explosive warheads linked to SkyStriker munitions, Advanced Weapons and Equipment India exporting mortar launchers, and India Optel providing sensors to an Israeli defence firm.
Recipients included Elbit Systems, Rafael Advanced Defense Systems, Israel Aerospace Industries and Israel Weapon Industries.
Of the shipments reviewed, at least 788 were deemed for military use. The analysis excluded possible civilian items and anti-missile components, suggesting the actual scale of India’s role in Israel’s supply chain may be larger.
The report criticised India’s arms export system as lacking transparency and adequate controls.
